Choosing the Best Telephony System The technology of telephony is closely associated with the telephone, a handheld device that comprises a speaker, transmitter, and a receiver, and employs a system of telecommunications using electronic transmission of voice or fax or other exchange of information between distant parties. A closer link between telephony and telecommunications have been observed since the arrival of computers and transmittal of digital information using the telephone systems and the use of radio to transmit telephone signals. Since access to the Internet allows for a much less expensive international or other long-distance call, the internet telephony was developed using the Internet to exchange spoken or telephone information at an affordable rate. Internet telephony is able to service the following capabilities through the Internet: the ability to make a normal voice phone call through the Internet at the price of a local call; the ability to send fax transmissions at very low cost through a gateway point on the Internet in major cities; and the ability to send voice messages along with text e-mail. With Internet telephony system, telephone capabilities can be connected to the computer by simply adding a telephony board, which has a combined functions of the following devices: modem, sound board, speakerphone, and voicemail system. Internet telephony can be accessed using the appropriate hardware, and there are four hardware options: a standard computer with microphone for user voice capturing, loudspeaker or headphones to listen to the exchange of conversation, the application and installation of a special software; using a specific VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) end devices; using the conventional telephone and connecting this to a special adapter which converts the analog telephone data into digital signals; and, lastly, using a mobile phone by connecting through the telephone system via an FMC (Fixed-Mobile Convergent) client.
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VoIP operates following these procedures: first, the acoustic signals are digitalized during the data transfer and segmented into individual data packages, in which these packages are labelled with a so-called header, which contains information about the identity of the sender and recipient; second, a connection must be established using a SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) address, which is usually assigned once; third, activation of the device by logging into a server, wherein the server passes the call on to the end device and establishes a telephone conversation. The advantages of Internet telephony are: it has a low-cost option since almost all households has a flat rate internet access; the cost of individual telephone calls is lower than the analog telephone system; and calling participants in an Internet telephony system using alternative VoIP providers do not pay any charged fees.